Target: 10 questions in 10 mins

1. Which row correctly distinguishes between the endocrine and nervous systems?

  Endocrine System  Nervous System
A. Uses chemical messenger molecules released by glands Uses neurotransmitters released by neurons
B. Acts over shorter distances Acts over longer distances
C. Always slow acting  Always fast acting
D. Muscles and glands are target tissues Wide variety of target tissues
2. Which of the following is a function of the spinal cord?
  • A. Making conscious decisions
  • B. Directly detecting stimuli
  • C. Integrating reflex actions and other unconscious processes
  • D. Initiating voluntary muscle movements

3. Which of the following statement(s) about different types of neurons is true?

I. Sensory neurons transmit signals from receptors to the central nervous system, while motor neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.
II. Sensory neurons are found in the peripheral nervous system, while motor neurons are found in the central nervous system.
III. Interneurons relay action potentials in the peripheral and central nervous system
  • A. I only
  • B.  II only
  • C.  I and III only
  • D. I, II and III

4&5: A child accidentally stood on a piece of sharp glass and immediately lifted their foot. The diagram shows the reflex arc for this incident:

nerve_impulse_pathway
4. Which structure labelled A to D is present in the skin of the foot?
5. Which structure labelled A to D may be involved in helping the brain create a memory of this event?

6. The image shows a structure found in the peripheral nervous system.

 

nerve diagram

Which row of the table provides the correct labels for the diagram above?

 Laboratoires Servier
CC BY-SA 3.0
  X Y Z
A. Fascicle  Nerve Neuron
B. Neuron Axon Nerve
C. Neuron Nerve Fascicle 
D. Nerve Neuron Fascicle
7. What role does the pineal gland play in the brain?
  • A. Regulation of sleep-wake cycles
  • B. Coordination of movement and balance
  • C. Control of heart rate and ventilation
  • D. Higher cognitive functions such as thinking and problem-solving

Q8&9. The image below shows a diagram of the human brain.

Diagram_showing_the_brain_stem

 Cancer Research UK
CC BY-SA 4.0
8. Which structure labelled A to D plays a central role in coordinating involuntary muscle movements for balance and posture?
9. At which location A to D can you find chemoreceptors detecting blood plasma pH changes?

10. Which of the following applies when carbon dioxide levels increase during physical exercise?

I. Baroreceptors detect a rise in plasma acidity.
II. The respiratory depth increases to enhance the removal of carbon dioxide.
III. The respiratory centre in the brain increases the rate of diaphragm contraction.

A. II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III