1-3: These questions are about an arctic food web:

DNA_paternity_testing_pedigree_chart

 Cmglee
c.c. BY-SA 3.0
1. Using the food web above, what is the mode of nutrition of the Carnivorous Zooplankton?
  • A.   Autotrophic
  • B.   Saprotrophic
  • C.   Chemoautotrophic
  • D.   Heterotrophic

2. Using the food web above, determine the different trophic levels of an Arctic Cod.

I. Secondary Consumer
II. Tertiary Consumer
III. Quaternary Consumer
 
  • A.   I, II and III
  • B.   I only
  • C.   I and II only
  • D.   II and III only

3. In the food web above, determine the main energy transfers for phyto-plankton and herbivorous zooplankton.

  Phyto-plankton Herbivorous zooplankton
A. chemical → heat chemical → kinetic
B. light → chemical chemical → heat
C. light → heat chemical → kinetic
D. light → chemical chemical → light

4. In most terrestrial ecosystems what happens to each trophic level as you move through a food chain?

I. A decrease in biomass
II. A decrease in energy
III. A decrease in numbers
 
  • A.   I only
  • B.   I and II only
  • C.   II and III only
  • D.   I, II and III

5. Which of the following biomes would most likely accumulate the greatest biomass through primary production by autotrophs?

Global Vegitation Map

Ville Koistinen
c.c. BY-SA 3.0
  • A. Tropical Rainforest
  • B. Taiga
  • C. Grass Savanna
  • D. Tundra

6.What trends are shown in the Keeling Curve?

I. A steady decrease in ocean pH levels.
II. Seasonal variations in CO2 levels, with higher concentrations during the May to October period.
III. An overall rise in CO2 levels due to anthropogenic factors, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
 
  • A. I only
  • B. III only
  • C. I and III only
  • D. I, II, and III
7. Decomposers play a crucial role in ecosystems. Which of the following provides decomposers with energy?
  • A. Carbon compounds in faeces, dead parts of organisms, and dead whole organisms.
  • B. Sunlight through the process of photosynthesis.
  • C. Carbon compounds in rocks and soil.
  • D. Chemosynthesis utilising inorganic substances as their energy source.
8. In a garden,  each rose bush provides food for numerous aphids. The aphids are eaten by green lacewings insects as shown by the food chain below.

Rose bush → Aphids → Green Lacewings

Which pyramid of energy below accurately represents this relationship? 

pyramid of numbers with 4 options
9. Iron-oxidising bacteria are chemoautotrophs that utilise chemiosmosis to produce ATP. Which of the following statements accurately describes this process?
  • A. The bacteria generate ATP through the process of photosynthesis by capturing sunlight using pigments like chlorophyll.
  • B. The bacteria generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, where the energy released from the oxidation of iron is used to pump protons across a membrane.
  • C. The bacteria generate ATP through glycolysis.
  • D. The bacteria generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation, where ATP is directly synthesised from a high-energy substrate.

10. GPP (gross primary productivity) is the total biomass accumulated by plants in photosynthesis. NPP (net primary productivity) is the GPP minus the biomass lost due to respiration (R) of plants. The diagram below shows the relationship between GPP NPP and R for a particular ecosystem.

energy flow diagram with missing values

If the efficiency of the transfer of energy from GPP to NPP for this ecosystem is 40%, which option is correct for the missing values of NPP and R?

 
  NPP  R
A 6900 4600
B 28 750 17 250
C 10 350 1150
D 4600 6900