This quiz contains a mixture of SL and HL questions

1&2: A healthy student drank a sports drink containing glucose. The graph shows the changes in the levels of glucose in her blood during the hour after the drink.

glucose levels in blodd - graph

1. Which row is correct with regards to hormone X?

  Released from… Transported in… Target Action
A. Alpha cells of pancreas Blood Decrease glucose uptake in liver 
B. Beta cells of pancreas Lymph Increases glycogen synthesis
C. Alpha cells of pancreas Lymph Increases glucose uptake in liver
D. Beta cells of pancreas Blood Increases glycogen synthesis
2. Which of the following carries messages from the central nervous system (CNS) to the gland which releases hormone X?
  • A. Relay neuron
  • B. Sensory neuron
  • C. Motor neuron
  • D. Interneuron

3. The image below shows some of the major endocrine glands in the human body:

endocrine system glands

Autoimmune destruction of which gland may result in type 1 diabetes?

  • A. 2
  • B. 3
  • C. 5
  • D. 6

4. The image shows the structure of human skin.

Diagram_showing_the_structure_of_the_skin

 Cancer Research UK
c.c. BY-SA 4.0
Which structure labelled A to D is not an effector in thermoregulation?
5. When epinephrine (adrenaline) levels are high, blood flow to which organ should decrease?
  • A. Gut
  • B. Diaphragm
  • C. Skeletal muscle
  • D. Heart

6. Which row best describes the function of different parts of the nephron?

  Bowman’s Capsule  Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle
A. Ultrafiltration Salt regulation  Selective reabsorption
B. Excretion Selective absorption  Osmoregulation 
C. Excretion Ultrafiltration Salt regulation 
D. Ultrafiltration Selective reabsorption  Osmoregulation
7. What structural feature of proximal convoluted tubule cells makes them well adapted to their function?
  • A. Presence of cilia on the cell lining
  • B. Thick tubular walls
  • C. Microvilli brush border
  • D. Small numbers of mitochondria
8. The presence of which molecule in urine may indicate that the proximal convoluted tubule is not functioning properly?
  • A. Red blood cells
  • B. Large proteins
  • C. Sodium chloride
  • D. Glucose

9. The image below shows aquaporin channels in cells of the collecting duct.

aquaporin channels in cells of the collecting duct

OpenStax College
c.c. BY-SA 3.0

Which row correctly distinguishes between scenarios X (top half of the diagram) and scenario Y (bottom half)?

  X Y
A. Higher urine volume produced Higher ADH levels from pituitary gland 
B. Higher water reabsorption  Higher ADH levels from pituitary gland
C. Lower water reabsorption  Lower ADH from pituitary gland
D. Lower urine volume produced Lower ADH from pituitary gland

10. The image below shows a nephron.

Diagram of a nephron

Smart Servier medical Art
c.c. BY-SA 3.0
Which part of the nephron labelled A to D actively transports sodium ions to maintain a high osmotic concentrations in the medulla tissue?