Question 1:

The correct formula for momentum is:

This corresponds to option C.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 2:

Row 2: Basketball
Mass = 0.6 kg, Velocity = 6 m/s

First missing value = 3.6

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 3:

Row 3: Tennis ball
Mass = 60 g=0.06 kg, Momentum = 2 kg⋅m/s
Velocity = momentum/mass=2/0.06=33 m/s
Second missing value = 33

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 4:

Row 4: Netball
Velocity = 3 m/s, Momentum = 1.4 kg⋅m/s
Mass = momentum/velocity=1.4/3

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 5:

The correct statement of the law of conservation of momentum is:

A. "The total momentum before and after a collision is the same if no external force acts on the system."

Option B is incorrect because it omits the crucial condition of no external forces.
Option C and D are incorrect because total momentum is not always zero—it is constant only in an isolated system.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 6:

We use the momentum formula:

For trolley A:

m=5 kg,v=1.2 m/s

p=5×1.2=6.0 kg⋅m/s

The correct answer is C. 6.0 kg m/s.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 7:

According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision if no external forces act.

Before the collision:

• Trolley A momentum = 6.0 kg⋅m/s (calculated earlier)

• Trolley B momentum = 3 kg×0 m/s=0

Total momentum before = 6.0+0=6.0 kg⋅m/s

Since they stick together and no external forces act, total momentum after collision = 6.0 kg⋅m/s.

The correct answer is C. 6.0 kg m/s.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 8:

After the collision, the two trolleys stick together, so their combined mass is:

From conservation of momentum:

Let v be their speed after the collision. Then:

8×v=6.0

v=6.0/8=0.75 m/s

The correct answer is A. 0.75 m/s.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 9:

We use F=m(v−u)/t, where:

• m=5 kg

• u=0 m/s (started from rest)

• v=1.2 m/s

• t=0.5 s

F=5×(1.2−0)/0.5

F=5×1.2/0.5=6/0.5=12 N

The correct answer is D. 12 N.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 10:

The situation described — "trolley A pushes on B, so trolley B pushes back on A" — is a direct statement of Newton's Third Law: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

The correct answer is C. Newton's Third Law.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.